Excessive Daytime Sleepiness among Depressed Patients

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) has been reported among depressed patients in many populations. Many depressed patients seek medical attention partly to deal with EDS; but this sleep disorder is often overlooked in clinical practice. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of EDS among depressed patients and determine its relationship with the severity of depression. Methods: Sixty-seven patients diagnosed with depressive episode took part in the study. The severity of depression was rated using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). EDS was evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Results: The mean ESS score was 9.2 (SD=2.8). EDS; defined as an ESS score]10; was present in 44.8of the depressed patients. The mean score on the HDRS was 14.8 (SD=3.6); representing the mild-moderate depression range. ESS scores correlated highly and positively (r=0.69; p=0.000) with scores on the HDRS. Conclusion: In the light of the high prevalence of EDS among depressed patients and its undesirable consequences; it is suggested that daytime sleepiness be evaluated in depressed patients

Prevalence of Sleepwalking in an Adult Population

Background: Sleepwalking consists of a series of behavioral activities that occur during sleep. These activities may be simple; complex or aggressive in nature. They include motor activities; confusion; and amnesia for the events. Sleepwalking is a disorder of arousal from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In children; episodes of sleepwalking are rarely violent; in adults; however; sleepwalking might include violence; which could endanger the patient or others and might precipitate legal issues. There is inadequate information on the prevalence and demographic correlates of sleepwalking in Nigeria. Objectives: One objective of this study was to determine the lifetime prevalence rate of sleepwalking in an adult population in Ile-Ife; in Southwestern Nigeria. Another objective was to determine the age and sex distribution of sleepwalking among those who have experienced it at least once in their lifetime. Materials and Methods: A random sample of 228 healthy individuals aged 18-60 years was obtained and the members were asked to fill out a survey form about lifetime prevalence rate of sleepwalking. Results: The overall lifetime prevalence rate of sleepwalking was 7(16 of 228 participants). It was 10.4in males and 3.5in females; but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.07). Conclusion: This study has shown that sleepwalking is common in the population. In view of the psychological effects of sleepwalking and the potential physical and legal problems associated with it; adequate efforts should be made for early detection and prompt management of the condition